Dynamically Changing Trajectories and Influencing Factors of the Intrinsic Capacity of Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Longitudinal Study
#Xuan Ma and Xin Jiang contributed equally to this article.
Intrinsic capacity (IC) plays a key role in predicting health outcomes in older adults, given the dynamic heterogeneity of IC, identifying its trajectories is vital for precision-targeted interventions; however, empirical evidence is scarce for economically underdeveloped regions. We aimed to elucidate one-year changes in IC among community-dwelling older adults and to examine its trajectories and influencing factors. At baseline (T0), 6 months (T1), and 12 months (T2), we conducted the general information survey, the IC survey, and physical measurements among older adults. Mplus 7.4 software was used to construct latent class growth modeling (LCGM), binary logistic regression was performed to identify factors associated with different trajectories. Across T0 – T2, the rate of decline in IC ranged from 63.50% to 95.00% in 200 older adults. Two trajectories of IC change were identified: the Moderate impairment with slow progression group (8.0%) and the Mild impairment with rapid progression group (92.0%). Older adults aged ≥80 years most likely belonged to the first group (OR = 0.082, 95%CI: 0.013~0.533), those whose nighttime sleep was 6-8 h/d (OR = 7.043, 95%CI: 1.793~27.660), ≥8 h/d (OR = 11.938, 95%CI: 2.505~56.885) tended to belong to the second group. The level of IC in older adults exhibited a dynamic declining trend and heterogeneous trajectories. Targeted interventions can be recommended to enhance IC according to the trajectory category.
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